Ubwino Wapadera wa White Corundum mu Kupukuta Zodzikongoletsera
Akatswiri aluso mumakampani opanga zodzikongoletsera ali ndi mwambi wakuti: “Zigawo zitatu za zinthu, magawo asanu ndi awiri a ntchito zaluso.” Mwala wamtengo wapatali wosalala komanso gulu la zitsulo zamtengo wapatali zopangidwa mwaluso zimasanduka ntchito yokongola kwambiri yaluso m'bokosi lowonetsera, ndipo njira zomaliza zopukutira ndi “kukhudza komaliza.” “Kukhudza komaliza” kumeneku kumafuna luso lalikulu. Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zonse zimadalira luso la mmisiri. Ndipo pankhani ya zinthu zopukutira, pali chinsinsi chobisika kwambiri mumakampaniwa—corundum yoyera. Mosiyana ndi ufa wa diamondi, womwe ndi wodzitamandira komanso wamtengo wapatali, kapena mankhwala enaake, omwe ali obisika mu chinsinsi, uli ngati “bwenzi lakale” lokhazikika komanso lodalirika, lodalira luso lake lolimba komanso chisamaliro chapadera pazinthu zina kuti likhalebe m'dziko lobisika la kupukutira zodzikongoletsera.
Chinthuchi, chomwe chimamveka ngati cha mafakitale, "white corundum," chingawoneke ngati chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mufakitale pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zazikulu. Koma sizili choncho konse. Ngati mupaka pakati pa zala zanu, kupukuta kwapamwamba kwambiriufa wa corundum woyera Ndi wosalala ngati ufa wabwino kwambiri, wokhala ndi kuwala kozizira, kofanana ndi porcelain. Kapangidwe kake kenikweni ndi alumina crystal yoyera kwambiri, yomwe imapezeka chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwa kutentha kwambiri, kuphwanyidwa mosamala, ndi kusankhidwa. Ili ndi kuuma kwakukulu, yachiwiri kwa diamondi ndi silicon carbide, koma mawonekedwe ake ndi ofatsa komanso osavuta kulamulira kuposa "mafupa awiri olimba." Ndi khalidwe "lolimba koma losakhwima" lomwe limapangitsa kuti ikhale "yokwanira" pogwiritsira ntchito zodzikongoletsera zosiyanasiyana zofewa.
N’chifukwa chiyani zimaonedwa kuti ndi “zonse”? Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule.
Choyamba, "imazindikira" zinthu, kapena m'malo mwake, "imazindikira zinthuzo." Mu makampani opanga zodzikongoletsera, zinthuzo ndi zosiyanasiyana kwambiri: zinthu zolimba kwambiri monga safiro ndi rubi, zinthu zolimba pakati monga jadeite ndi nephrite, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya golide wa karat, platinamu, ndi siliva. Simungagwiritse ntchito "ruler" imodzi poyesa chilichonse. Ubwino wa alumina yoyera yosakanikirana uli mu kuthekera kwake kosamalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana posintha kusalala kwa tinthu take (komwe kumadziwika kuti "mesh"). Tinthu tating'onoting'ono (monga, ma mesh 600 mpaka 1000) timagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambirira "kupukuta," kuchotsa mwachangu zizindikiro zosalala ndi m'mbali zakuthwa zomwe zatsala mutadula - njira yotchedwa "kusalala." M'magawo otsatira, ngakhale ufa wosalala umagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga ma mesh 2000, 3000, kapena ngakhale masauzande ambiri. Pakadali pano, ntchito yake yayikulu si yodulanso, koma m'malo mwake, kudzera mu kukangana kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosawerengeka, pang'onopang'ono "imachotsa" mikwingwirima yopyapyala pamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwala kofiyira (kopanda matte) kapena kofanana ndi galasi. Alumina yoyera yosakanikirana imatha kuthana ndi kusintha konse kuchokera ku "kovuta" kupita ku "koyeretsedwa," ndi kusintha kosalala, kusintha kochepa kwa zinthu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta kwa amisiri odziwa bwino ntchito.
Kachiwiri, ndi "yoyera." Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kodi mantha akulu kwambiri pa kupukuta zodzikongoletsera ndi otani? Kuipitsidwa ndi "kutuluka kwa utoto." Zipangizo zina zopukuta zimakhala zakuda kapena zimakhala ndi zonyansa. Pakupukuta mwachangu, kutentha kwakukulu kumatha "kuphimba" mtundu kapena dothi m'ming'alu yaying'ono ya miyala yamtengo wapatali kapena kapangidwe ka chitsulo, ndikuwononga ntchitoyo - njira yomwe imadziwika mumakampani kuti "kudya dothi."Alumina yoyera yosakanikiranaKomano, ndi yoyera ndipo imakhala yokhazikika kwambiri pa mankhwala, siisintha mosavuta ngakhale kutentha kwambiri. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito popukuta, makamaka popukuta zitsulo zoyera (platinamu, golide woyera, siliva) kapena miyala yamtengo wapatali yopanda utoto kapena yowala (diamondi, kristalo, safiro wowala), imapanga kuwala koyera kozizira, kowala popanda kuwonjezera zodetsa zilizonse, kusunga mtundu woyera wa chinthucho ndi moto. "Kuyera" kumeneku ndi muyezo wagolide mumakampani okongoletsa zodzikongoletsera.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndi "yofewa komanso yowongoka." Kupukuta sikutanthauza mphamvu yankhanza, koma luso; ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera popanda kuwononga zinthuzo. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono taalumina woyera wosakanikirana, makamaka ufa wosalala wokhala ndi maukonde ambiri, uli ndi mawonekedwe ofanana (ngakhale kuti wasweka, wayikidwa muyeso) komanso m'mbali mwake mofanana. Ukagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi phala lopukuta (mafuta) loyenera pa gudumu lopukuta kapena nsalu, umapanga "gawo lodulira laling'ono" lofanana komanso lokhazikika. Kupanikizika komwe kumachitika ndi katswiri waluso kumatha kutumizidwa mofanana komanso pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa zodzikongoletsera kudzera mu njira iyi. Kuwala komwe kumachitika kumakhala "kwamoyo," kuwala kopita patsogolo, kowala komwe kumawala kuchokera mkati, osati kuwala kwapamwamba, kopangidwa. Makamaka pogwira zodzikongoletsera zagolide zopindika, zojambulidwa, kapena zopangidwa bwino, mawonekedwe osavuta a agate yoyera yosakanikirana amawonetsa luso. Imalowa m'zinthu zazing'ono kwambiri, kubweretsa kuwala ku ngodya iliyonse, m'malo mokonza tsatanetsatane pang'ono.
Zachidziwikire, ngakhale zipangizo zabwino kwambiri zimadalira wogwiritsa ntchito. Amisiri aluso amasamalira agate yoyera yosakanikirana ngati bwenzi lakale. Ufa wosiyanasiyana wa grit umasakanizidwa ndi mafuta osiyanasiyana, ndipo kusinthasintha kwake kumaganiziridwa mosamala; zinthu ndi kuuma kwa gudumu lopukuta, liwiro la kuzungulira, kupanikizika ndi kuyenda kwa dzanja, komanso bata la mmisiri panthawi yopukuta zonse zimakhudza kuwala komaliza. Nthawi zambiri amati, "Agate yoyera yosakanikirana ndi yosalala, koma kuwala kwake kumalankhula zambiri." Igwireni mosamala, ndipo "idzalankhula" kuwala kwake kowala kwambiri, kowonekera bwino, komanso kosatha pa zodzikongoletsera.
Kotero, mukakopeka ndi kunyezimira kodabwitsa kwa chokongoletsera chomwe chili mu bokosi lowonetsera, kunyezimira kumeneko mwina kunadutsa njira zambiri, kuyambira mchenga wosalala mpaka ufa wosalala. Ndipo pomaliza popereka mawonekedwe akuya komanso owala, agate yoyera yosakanikirana—chovala ichi “chofatsa koma champhamvu”—chingakhale ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri koma losamveka bwino. Sichikhala ndi kuthwa kwambiri ngati ufa wa diamondi, koma chili ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kupatsa aliyense; sichimafuna kunyezimira nthawi yomweyo, koma chimapambana pang'onopang'ono pakudzutsa kuwala kwa chinthucho.
Zili ngati mmisiri amene amamvetsa bwino luso la "kuphika pang'onopang'ono," akugwiritsa ntchito kuleza mtima ndi chiyero kupukuta chokongoletsera chilichonse kuti awulule gawo lake lapadera, lomaliza, komanso losuntha kwambiri la kuwala kwa moyo. Kuwala kumeneku sikuwala, koma kumakhudza mtima. Mwina uku ndi kutentha kwa luso, komwe kumayenda pang'onopang'ono pakati pa ufa wosalala ndi gudumu lozungulira.