Ntchito Yogwira Ntchito Pamwamba ndi Kugwira Ntchito Bwino kwa White Fused Alumina Micropowder
Ponena za kugaya ndi kupukuta, amisiri odziwa bwino ntchito nthawi zonse amati, “Katswiri waluso ayenera choyamba kunola zida zake.” Mu dziko la makina olondola,ufa woyera wa alumina wosakanikirana ndi "nyumba yamphamvu yotsika mtengo." Musanyoze tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala ngati fumbi; pansi pa maikulosikopu, timagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri podziwa ngati chogwirira ntchitocho chimapeza kuwala "kofanana ndi galasi" kapena sichikwaniritsa zomwe tikuyembekezera. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane mbali zofunika kwambiri za ubale pakati pa "ntchito yapamwamba" ya ufa woyera wosakanikirana wa alumina ndi momwe umagwirira ntchito bwino.
I. Ufa Woyera Wosakaniza Alumina: Woposa "Wolimba" Kungoti
Alumina yoyera yosakanikirana, makamaka yopangidwa ndiα-aluminiyamu, imadziwika ndi kuuma kwake kwakukulu komanso kulimba kwake bwino. Komabe, ikapangidwa kukhala ufa wa micropowder, makamaka zinthu zokhala ndi kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayesedwa mu ma micrometer kapena nanometers, dziko lake limakhala lovuta kwambiri. Pakadali pano, kuwunika momwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kumafuna zambiri osati kungoyang'ana kuuma kwake; "ntchito yake pamwamba" ndiyofunikira.
Kodi ntchito ya pamwamba ndi chiyani? Mutha kumvetsa motere: Tangoganizirani mulu wa ufa wochepa. Ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono tili ngati mpira wosalala, "waulemu" kwa wina ndi mnzake, ndiye kuti kuyanjana kwawo ndi pamwamba pa workpiece ndi madzi opukusira sikuli "kogwira ntchito" kwambiri, ndipo ntchito yawo imakhala yocheperako mwachibadwa. Koma ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti tili ndi "m'mphepete" kapena tili ndi "zipangizo zina zapadera" kapena "magulu a mankhwala," ndiye kuti amakhala "ogwira ntchito," mosavuta "kugwira" pamwamba pa workpiece, komanso okonzeka kufalikira mofanana mumadzimadzi, m'malo momangika pamodzi ndikuchepa. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito imeneyi m'thupi ndi mankhwala a pamwamba ndi ntchito yake ya pamwamba.
Kodi ntchito imeneyi imachokera kuti? Choyamba, njira zopukutira ndi kugawa ndi "zopanga." Kupukutira kwa makina kumapanga mosavuta malo atsopano, amphamvu kwambiri osweka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ntchito yambiri koma mwina kufalikira kwakukulu kwa tinthu; malo okonzedwa ndi mankhwala amatha kukhala "oyera" komanso ofanana. Chachiwiri, malo enieni a pamwamba ndi chizindikiro chofunikira - tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikakhala tating'ono, "malo omenyera nkhondo" omwe angakhudze ntchitoyo kulemera komweko. Chofunika kwambiri, ganizirani momwe pamwamba pake palili: Kodi ndi yokhotakhota komanso yopanda pake (yokhala ndi malo ambiri ogwira ntchito), kapena yozungulira (yosawonongeka kwambiri koma mwina ndi mphamvu yocheperako yodula)? Kodi pamwamba pake ndi pofewa kapena oleophilic? Kodi yasinthidwa "pamwamba," monga kupaka ndi silica kapena zinthu zina zolumikizira kuti isinthe mawonekedwe ake?
II. Kodi Kuchita Zochita Zambiri Ndi "Machiritso a Zonse"? Kuvina Kovuta Kokhala ndi Kugwira Ntchito Mwanzeru
Mwachidziwitso, kugwira ntchito kwakukulu pamwamba kuyenera kutanthauza kukonza ufa wa micropowder mwamphamvu komanso moyenera. Nthawi zambiri, izi ndi zolondola. Ufa wa micropowder wogwira ntchito kwambiri, chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zapamwamba komanso mphamvu yamphamvu yothira madzi, ukhoza "kumamatira" kapena "kulowetsa" kwambiri pamwamba pa workpiece ndi zida zopukusira (monga ma polishing pads), kukwaniritsa kudula kwa micro-cutting kosalekeza komanso kofanana. Makamaka mu njira zolondola monga chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), pamwamba pa micropowder ndi workpiece (monga silicon wafer) zimatha kuvutika ndi mankhwala ofooka, kufewetsa pamwamba pa workpiece, zomwe, pamodzi ndi ntchito ya makina, zimachotsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti "1+1>2″ ikhale yosalala kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ntchitoyo imagwira ntchito ngati chothandizira kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.
Komabe, zinthu sizili zophweka choncho. Zochita pamwamba ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse.
Choyamba, kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso kumabweretsa chizolowezi champhamvu kwambiri choti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tidzisonkhana pamodzi, ndikupanga tinthu tachiwiri kapena tating'ono kwambiri. Tangoganizirani izi: zomwe poyamba zinali zoyesayesa za munthu payekha tsopano ndi kuphatikizana, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha tinthu todulidwa bwino. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti tingasiyenso mikwingwirima yozama pamalo ogwirira ntchito, kuchepetsa ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito. Zili ngati gulu la ogwira ntchito odzipereka kwambiri koma osagwirizana omwe akusonkhana pamodzi, akulepheretsana.
Chachiwiri, mu ntchito zina zokonzera, monga kupukutira kolimba kapena kudula bwino zinthu zina zolimba komanso zosweka, tingafunike tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti tisunge "kuthwa kokhazikika." Kuchita zinthu zambiri pamwamba kungapangitse tinthu tating'onoting'ono kusweka msanga ndi kuwonongeka pamene tagunda koyamba. Ngakhale kuti mphamvu yodulira yoyamba ingakhale yamphamvu, kulimba kwake kumakhala kochepa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimachotsedwa kumatha kuchepa. Zikatero, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili ndi malo okhazikika pambuyo pokonza bwino, chifukwa cha m'mbali mwake komanso kuuma kwake, tingapereke magwiridwe antchito abwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa zinthu ndi chizindikiro cha mbali zambiri: kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zachotsedwa, kuuma kwa pamwamba, kuya kwa gawo lowonongeka pansi pa nthaka, kukhazikika kwa njira, ndi zina zotero. Ufa wochepa kwambiri ungakhale ndi ubwino wopeza kuuma kochepa kwambiri pamwamba (kwapamwamba), koma kuti ukwaniritse khalidweli lapamwamba, nthawi zina ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kupanikizika kapena liwiro, zomwe zimawononga kuchuluka kwa kuchotsedwa. Momwe mungakhazikitsire bwino zimadalira zofunikira pa kukonza.
III. "Njira Yogwirizana": Kupeza Kulinganiza Koyenera Pakugwiritsa Ntchito
Chifukwa chake, kukambirana za ubwino wa ntchito yapamwamba kapena yotsika popanda kuganizira momwe ntchitoyo ikuyendera sikuli kofunikira. Pakupanga kwenikweni, tikusankha "makhalidwe apamwamba" oyenera kwambiri pa "ntchito yokonza" inayake.
Pa kupukuta kolondola kwambiri (monga magalasi owonera ndi ma wafer a semiconductor): cholinga chake ndi kukhala pamwamba pabwino kwambiri pa sikelo ya atomiki. Pankhaniyi, ufa wochepa kwambiri wokhala ndi magulu olondola, kugawa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri, komanso malo osinthidwa mosamala (monga silica sol encapsulation) nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa. Kufalikira kwawo kwakukulu komanso kuyanjana kwa mankhwala ndi slurry yopukuta ndikofunikira kwambiri. Pano, ntchito makamaka imagwira ntchito "yabwino kwambiri," pomwe magwiridwe antchito amakonzedwa bwino kudzera mukuwongolera molondola magawo a njira.
Pa zinthu zodziwika bwino zochotsera zinthu, zinthu zochotsera zinthu zotsalira pogwiritsa ntchito lamba, ndi ufa wopangidwa ndi micron womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pogaya mawilo: Kudula kokhazikika komanso kudzinola ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ufa wopangidwa ndi micron uyenera kusweka pansi pa kupanikizika kwina, kuwonetsa m'mbali zatsopano zakuthwa. Pa siteji iyi, ntchito ya pamwamba siyenera kukhala yokwera kwambiri kuti ipewe kusonkhana msanga kapena kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso. Mwa kuwongolera kuyera kwa zinthu zopangira ndi njira zoyeretsera, kupeza ufa wopangidwa ndi micron wokhala ndi kapangidwe koyenera (kokhala ndi mphamvu yogwirizana m'malo mongotsatira mphamvu zambiri pamwamba) nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri.
Pa ntchito zoyimitsidwa ndi zotayira zomwe zikubwera: Kukhazikika kwa kufalikira kwa ufa wopangidwa ndi micron ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kusintha pamwamba (monga kulumikiza ma polima enaake kapena kusintha zeta potential) kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti kupereke cholepheretsa chokwanira cha steric kapena kukana kwa electrostatic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyimitsidwa nthawi yayitali ngakhale ikugwira ntchito kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ukadaulo wosintha pamwamba umatsimikiza mwachindunji ngati ntchitoyo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino, kupewa zinyalala chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa madzi kapena kusonkhana, motero kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yokonza zinthu ikuyenda bwino komanso yokhazikika.
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