Udindo wa White Fused Alumina mu Polishing Electronic Components
Mu nthawi ino ya mafoni a m'manja, makompyuta, ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zanzeru, zofunikira pa magwiridwe antchito a zida zamagetsi zikuchulukirachulukira. Ziyenera kukhala zachangu, zazing'ono, komanso zamphamvu kwambiri. Simungadziwe kuti kukwaniritsa izi kumafuna sitepe yooneka ngati yosafunika koma yofunika kwambiri—kupukuta. Ndipo m'munda uno, pali "katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito" - wodziwa bwino ntchito zake.alumina woyera wosakanikirana.
Lero, tiyeni tivumbule chinsinsi cha "mmisiri" uyu ndikukambirana momwe amachitira gawo lofunika kwambiri pa dziko la zida zamagetsi zolondola.
I. Kudziwa Munthu Wamkulu: Kodi White Fused Alumina ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ndi corundum yopangidwa mwangwiro kwambiri. Gawo lake lalikulu ndi α-alumina (Al₂O₃). Mutha kuiyerekeza ndi abale ake: mwachitsanzo, alumina yofiirira yosakanikirana ili ndi zodetsa pang'ono, motero imakhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni; pomwe alumina yoyera yosakanikirana, chifukwa cha zinthu zake zoyera kwambiri, imapanga makhiristo oyera ikayaka, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe "oyera".
Kodi chimapangidwa bwanji? Mwachidule, ndi njira ya "kubadwanso mwatsopano kudzera mu moto." Yapamwamba kwambiriufa wa aluminaAmasungunuka, kuzizira, ndikubwezeretsedwanso mu uvuni wamagetsi wotentha kwambiri wopitilira madigiri 2000 Celsius. Pomaliza, amaphwanyidwa ndikusefedwa kuti apange zinthu zoyera zosakanikirana za alumina zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Musanyozetse njirayi; imapereka alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ndi zinthu zingapo zofunika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri popukuta zida zamagetsi:
Kulimba kwambiri, "kolimba" kwenikweni: Kulimba kwake kwa Mohs kuli kokwera kufika pa 9.0, kwachiwiri pambuyo pa diamondi ndi silicon carbide. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kudula ndi kupukuta zinthu zina ndi chinthu chosavuta, ndipo sichimawonongeka mosavuta.
Kulimba pang'ono, kulimba bwino komanso kusinthasintha: Kukhala wolimba kokha sikokwanira; wofooka kwambiri, ngati zidutswa zagalasi, umasweka pang'ono pokhudza ndipo sungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ili ndi kulimba kwakukulu komanso kulimba bwino. Ikapanikizika, imatha kusweka pang'ono, ndikuwulula m'mbali zatsopano zakuthwa, m'malo mosanduka ufa—izi zimatchedwa “kudzinola.” Izi zili ngati mpeni wodzicheka wodzichiritsa, womwe umasungabe kulimba kwake nthawi zonse.
Kukhazikika kwake kwabwino kwa mankhwala kumapangitsa kuti ikhale "yodekha" kwambiri: Mayankho osiyanasiyana opukuta a acidic ndi alkaline amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popukuta. Alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ndi mankhwala ndi yokhazikika kwambiri ndipo sichitapo kanthu mosavuta ndi mankhwala awa, kuonetsetsa kuti njira yopukuta siyambitsa kuipitsidwa kwa mankhwala mwangozi. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri mumakampani amagetsi, komwe kuyera ndikofunikira kwambiri.
II. Kodi alumina yoyera yosakanikirana "imaonekera bwanji" pakupukuta zinthu zamagetsi?
Kupukuta zida zamagetsi sikophweka monga kungopukuta chinthu chowala. Ndi "luso losema" lomwe limachitika m'dziko la maikulosikopu, cholinga chake ndi kupeza malo athyathyathya, osalala, komanso osawonongeka pa nanometer kapena ngakhale atomu.Alumina yoyera yosakanikiranandiye mphamvu yayikulu pakukwaniritsa luso limeneli.
1. Ntchito ya "kulinganiza maziko" ya ma wafer a silicon
Ma chips amapangidwa pa ma silicon wafers. Mungaganize kuti ngati maziko a nyumba ndi osalingana, nyumbayo singamangidwe, ndipo mawaya amagetsi adzamangidwa mosakhazikika. Mfundo yomweyi imagwiranso ntchito popanga ma chips. Magawo amaikidwa pamwamba pa ena. Ngati gawo lililonse silili lofanana, photolithography yotsatira idzataya chidwi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma short circuits kapena ma open circuits.
Apa ndi pomwe ukadaulo wa CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) umayambira, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta alumina tomwe timapangidwa ndi white fused nthawi zambiri timagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa "ntchito yamakina." Mu slurry yopukuta, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta alumina tomwe timapangidwa ndi white fused, monga mamiliyoni a amisiri ang'onoang'ono, timadula pang'ono kwambiri komanso mofanana pamwamba pa silicon wafer pansi pa kukakamizidwa ndi kuzungulira. Pang'onopang'ono amapukuta "zitunda" pamwamba, pomwe amasunga zigwa, zomwe pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosalala kwambiri. Kuuma ndi kudzikongoletsa kwa alumina yoyera fused kumatsimikizira kuti njirayi ndi yothandiza komanso yogwirizana.
2. Kumaliza Pamwamba pa Zipangizo za Semiconductor
Mkati mwa chip, kuwonjezera pa silicon, muli zitsulo (monga mkuwa ndi tungsten) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mizere yoyendetsera ndi zigawo zotetezera kutentha (monga silicon dioxide) kuti zisawonongeke. Zipangizo zosiyanasiyanazi zimakhala ndi kuuma kosiyana komanso kuchuluka kochotsa. Pakupukuta, chitsulo chowonjezera chiyenera kuchotsedwa popanda kuwononga gawo lotetezera kutentha; izi zimatchedwa "kusankha kwakukulu."
Ufa wa alumina woyera wosakanikirana umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pano. Mwa kusintha kapangidwe ka mankhwala a slurry yopukuta (gawo la "mankhwala") ndikugwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi alumina woyera wosakanikirana (gawo la "makina"), n'zotheka kuchotsa zinthu zina bwino kwambiri (monga mkuwa) popanda kukhudza zinthu zina (monga silicon dioxide). Kulondola kwapadera kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti chip ikugwira ntchito bwino.
3. "Nyenyezi Yokongola" ya Zigawo Zina Zamagetsi
Kupatula ma chips olondola kwambiri, zida zambiri zamagetsi zomwe timakumana nazo tsiku ndi tsiku zimadaliranso kupukuta koyera kosakanikirana ndi alumina.
Ma LED Sapphire Substrates: Ma LED ambiri owala kwambiri amagwiritsa ntchito safiro ngati substrate yawo. Sapphire yokha ili ndi kuuma kwakukulu, imafuna alumina yoyera yosakanikirana—chinthu “cholimba”—kuti ipukutidwe kuti ipange malo osalala ngati galasi, kukulitsa mphamvu yotulutsa kuwala ndikupangitsa LED kukhala yowala.
Ma Quartz Crystal Resonators: Izi ndi zinthu za "kugunda kwa mtima" zomwe zimapereka zizindikiro za wotchi ku ma circuits. Zofunikira zawo zokhazikika pafupipafupi ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo mawonekedwe awo ndi makulidwe awo ziyenera kulamulidwa bwino; kupukuta koyera kwa alumina kosakanikirana ndikoyenera kwambiri pantchitoyi. Zipangizo zamaginito, magalasi, ndi zinthu zina zimafunikansoalumina woyera wosakanikiranapokonza kuti zitheke bwino komanso mosalala.
III. N’chifukwa Chiyani Alumina Yoyera Yophatikizidwa? – Chidule cha Ubwino Wake Wapadera
Poganizira za m'mbuyo, pakati pa zinthu zambiri zochotsera zinthu, n'chifukwa chiyani makampani opanga zamagetsi amakonda alumina yoyera yosakanikirana?
Kuwongolera Moyenera: Tinthu tating'onoting'ono take tingapangidwe kukhala topyapyala kwambiri komanso tofanana (mpaka mulingo wa micrometer) ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zinthu ziwoneke bwino komanso zofanana, zomwe zimathandiza kupewa kukwawa pamwamba chifukwa cha kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kosasinthasintha.
Kuipitsidwa Kochepa Kwambiri: Kuyera kwambiri kumatanthauza kuti sikupanga zinyalala zambiri zachitsulo panthawi yopukutira, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zaukhondo wa makampani opanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Kulinganiza Bwino ndi Ubwino: Sikovuta komanso kokwera mtengo ngati diamondi, komanso sikuthandiza ngati zofewa zofooketsa. Zimakwaniritsa bwino kuuma, kulimba, ndi mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Kotero, nthawi ina mukatenga foni yanu ndikuwona momwe ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso ntchito zake zamphamvu, ganizirani izi: mkati mwa tchipisi tating'onoting'ono ndi zinthu zofewa, "kusintha kwa pamwamba" kopanda phokoso komanso kolondola komwe kumakhudza tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta alumina tomwe timasakanikirana ndi mitundu yambiri kwachitika. Ndi "katswiri wodzikuza uyu," wokhala ndi kuuma kwake ndi kuyera kwake, komwe kunachotsa chotchinga chomaliza cha nanometer kuti chisasokoneze kayendedwe ka zamagetsi. Sichingakhale chowonekera, koma ndi ngwazi yofunika kwambiri kumbuyo kwa zochitika. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kobisika m'zinthu zazing'ono izi, kukuwalira ndi luso losavuta komanso lokopa la sayansi yazinthu.