Ufa Wobiriwira wa Silicon Carbide: Mphamvu Yowonjezera Magwiridwe Abwino a Zophimba Zamakampani
Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ufa wobiriwira wa silicon carbide uwu ukhale wapadera kwambiri.
I. Choyamba, tiyeni timvetse bwino tanthauzo la "silicon carbide yobiriwira" iyi.
Kumva dzinali koyamba, likumveka ngati "la mankhwala" komanso laukadaulo wapamwamba. Koma kwenikweni, lili ngati msuweni wa alumina yoyera yosakanikirana yomwe tidakambirana kale—onse awiri ndi a m'banja la zinthu zolimba kwambiri.
Kupanga kwake kuli ngati kupanga zitsulo: zinthu zopangira monga mchenga wa quartz ndi petroleum coke zimaponyedwa mu uvuni woteteza magetsi ndipo "zimayeretsedwa" kutentha kopitilira madigiri Celsius 2000. Chifukwa chakuti ili ndi zinthu zinazake, imasungunuka kukhala mtundu wobiriwira wapadera, motero imatchedwa "green silicon carbide."
Makhalidwe ake akuluakulu ndi awiri: olimba ndi akuthwa.
Kodi ndi lolimba bwanji? Pa sikelo ya Mohs, limakhala pa 9.2–9.5! Kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza chiyani? Ndi lachiwiri kwa diamondi (10) ndipo limaposa kwambiri zitsulo wamba, galasi, ndi marble chifukwa cha kulimba. Komanso, tinthu take tachilengedwe mwachibadwa tili ndi m'mbali ndi ngodya zakuthwa, mosiyana ndi zinthu zina zozungulira zomwe zimakhala zosalala komanso zozungulira.
Tangoganizani ngati mabiliyoni a "mafayilo a diamondi" ang'onoang'ono komanso olimba kwambiri. Kwa ife omwe timagwiritsa ntchito zophimba, kuziyika pa zophimba kuli ngati kupatsa zophimbazo "zoteteza za unyolo" zosaoneka.
II. Kodi chimalimbitsa bwanji zophimba zake?
Kungonena kuti ndi wolimba ndi chinthu chapamwamba kwambiri. Phindu lake lenileni lili pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a utoto—ndipo matsenga enieni amachitikira.
Choyamba komanso chofunika kwambiri—chapadera chake—ndi kukana kukanda ndi kukanda.
Izi n'zosavuta kuzimvetsa. Tangoganizirani pamwamba pa chophimba chanu chokhala ndi tinthu tambirimbiri tolimba kwambiri, tomwe timakuthwa ngati lezala. Chinachake chikakanda kapena kuphwanya, mfundo zolimba izi zimapanga "mzere woyamba wa chitetezo." Mphamvu zakunja ziyenera kuzigonjetsa kaye zisanafike pansi pa utomoni wofewa.
Zili ngati kuyenda pa matope ofewa—sitepe iliyonse imasiya malo akuya. Koma panjira yopangidwa ndi miyala yolimba, simudzasiya chizindikiro chilichonse. Mayeso athu akuwonetsa kuti zokutira pansi za epoxy zokhala ndi njira yomweyo koma zokhala ndi kuchuluka koyenera kwa silicon carbide micropowder zimatha kuwirikiza kawiri kapena katatu moyo wawo zikayesedwa ndi choyesera abrasion! M'malo monga ma workshop a fakitale, malo oimika magalimoto, ndi nyumba zazikulu zosungiramo katundu, magwiridwe antchito awa ndi ofunikira kwambiri.
Ubwino wachiwiri ndi kulimba kwa khoma, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chophimbacho "chigwire" mwamphamvu.
Phindu limeneli lingadabwitse anthu akunja. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta ufa uwu sitimangoyandama mu utoto—timapanga kapangidwe ka microscopic "nangula". Kumbali imodzi, malo awo ozungulira amalumikizana bwino ndi utomoni. Kumbali ina, tikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zinthu monga chitsulo kapena konkire, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timalowa m'malo olakwika a microscopic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makina azilumikizana mwamphamvu.
Mwachidule: zophimba wamba zimakhala ngati kugwiritsa ntchito guluu polumikiza pepala losalala pakhoma. Komabe, zophimba ndi silicon carbide wobiriwira zimakhala ngati kukanda pamwamba pa khoma kaye, kenako n’kuzilumikiza ndi zomangira zomangira. Mlingo wa kumatira ndi wosayerekezeka. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri popewa kung’amba ndi kung’ambika kwa zophimba.
Ubwino wachitatu: Kulimba kwa kutsetsereka, kuyika patsogolo chitetezo.
Kaya ndi pansi pa fakitale, madesiki a sitima, kapena milatho ya oyenda pansi, kukana kutsetsereka ndikofunikira kwambiri. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta silicon carbide micropowder timafalikira mofanana pamwamba pa chophimba, ndikupanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tolimba tomwe timawonjezera kukhwima kwa pamwamba ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kukangana.
Ogwira ntchito ovala nsapato zotetezera amamva kuti ali otetezeka akamayenda pa nsapatozo; oyenda pansi nthawi yamvula sachedwa kuterereka. Chitsimikizo cha chitetezo chomwe chimapereka n'chofunika kwambiri.
Chachinayi, ndi yogwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana, imapereka kukana kutentha komanso kukana dzimbiri.
Silikoni yobiriwira yokha ili ndi mphamvu zokhazikika za mankhwala, imalimbana ndi ma asidi, alkali, okosijeni, komanso imachita bwino kwambiri m'malo otentha kwambiri. Kuiphatikiza mu zokutira kumasamutsa bwino "makhalidwe" apamwamba awa. Pazida zomwe zili m'mafakitale a mankhwala kapena mapaipi otentha kwambiri, izi zimapangitsa kuti zokutira zikhale zolimba kwambiri.
III. Ngakhale chida chabwino chikufunika luso: Luso logwiritsa ntchito
Zachidziwikire, chida chakuthwa chimagwira ntchito bwino ngati wogwiritsa ntchitoyo—simungathe kuchigwiritsa ntchito mosasamala. Pali zinthu zina zomwe zingachitike.
Choyamba, kusankha kukula koyenera kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi luso lokha. Ufa wobiriwira wa silicon carbide umakhala ndi mauna mazana ambiri mpaka zikwizikwi. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mauna okhuthala kwambiri—mwachitsanzo, mauna 100 kapena kuposerapo—malo ophimbawo amaoneka ngati ovuta kukhudza, zomwe zimakhudza kukongola. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kugwiritsa ntchito mauna okhuthala kwambiri—monga mauna 3,000 mpaka 5,000—makamaka kumawonjezera mphamvu ndi kuuma koma kumafooketsa kukana kutsetsereka. Chifukwa chake, kusankha kuyenera kugwirizana ndi cholinga chanu: pansi, mauna okhwima kwambiri akhoza kukhala okwanira; mauna apamwamba a mafakitale, mauna abwino kwambiri angasankhidwe kuti awonjezere kukana kukalamba popanda kuwononga kukwera kwake.
Chachiwiri, kuwongolera bwino kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera ndikofunikira. Zambiri sizili bwino kwenikweni. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti tili ndi mphamvu yokoka kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwambiri kungayambitse kukhazikika. Ngati chophimbacho chikhala kwa nthawi yayitali, chimalekanitsidwa—mafuta oyera pamwamba, udzu pansi—ndipo chimachititsa kuti chisagwire ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera kwambiri kumakhudza kwambiri kulinganiza ndi kunyezimira kwa chophimbacho, zomwe zingayambitse zotsatira zoyipa za peel ya lalanje pamalo opopera. Nthawi zambiri timapeza bwino pakati pa magwiridwe antchito, kuthekera kogwira ntchito, ndi mtengo kudzera mu kuyesa mobwerezabwereza.
Pomaliza, kufalikira n’kofunika kwambiri. Tinthu tating’onoting’onoti timasonyeza mphamvu zamphamvu za van der Waals, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tigwirizane. Ngati sitinamwazike bwino, timapanga tinthu tating’onoting’ono mkati mwa utoto. Tinthu tating’onoting’onoti sitingopereka phindu lokha, komanso timapangitsa kuti tichepetse mphamvu ya utoto. Chifukwa chake, chotulutsira choyenera chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi zida zotulutsira utoto mwamphamvu kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti tinthu tating’onoting’ono tating’onoting’ono tapangidwa bwino komanso mofanana ndi utomoni. Pokhapokha mphamvu zawo zonse zingapezeke.