Udindo Watsopano wa White Corundum mu Kusintha kwa Ukadaulo Wazachipatala
Tsopano, sichidzasweka ngakhale chitagwetsedwa—chinsinsi chili mu chophimba ichi cha 'safiro woyera'.” “Safiro woyera” amene ankanena analicorundum yoyeraimagwiritsidwa ntchito popukuta zitsulo zamafakitale. Pamene kristalo iyi ya aluminiyamu oxide, yokhala ndi kuuma kwa Mohs kwa 9.0 ndi kuyera kwa mankhwala kwa 99%, inalowa m'munda wa zamankhwala, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa zipangizo zamankhwala kunayamba.
1. Kuchokera ku Mawilo Opukutira Mafakitale Kupita ku Ma Joint a Anthu: Kusintha Kwambiri kwa Sayansi ya Zipangizo
Mwina mukudabwa momwe chodulira chomwe poyamba chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito podula zitsulo chakhalira chinthu chatsopano chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa zamankhwala. Mwachidule, cholinga chachikulu cha ukadaulo wa zamankhwala ndi "biomimeticism" - kupeza zinthu zomwe zingagwirizane ndi thupi la munthu komanso kupirira kuwonongeka kwa zaka zambiri.White corundum, kumbali ina, ili ndi "kapangidwe kolimba":
Kuuma kwake kumatsutsana ndi kwadiamondi, ndipo kukana kwake kukalamba kumaposa katatu kuposa momwe zimakhalira ndi zingwe zachitsulo zachikhalidwe.
Kusagwira ntchito kwa mankhwala ake ndi kwamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sikuwola, kuzizira, kapena kuyambitsa kukanidwa m'thupi la munthu.
Malo ake ofanana ndi galasi amachititsa kuti mabakiteriya azivutika kulumikiza, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda pambuyo pa opaleshoni.
Mu 2018, gulu lachipatala ku Shanghai linayamba kufufuza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchitoyokutidwa ndi corundum yoyeraMafupa a mafupa. Mphunzitsi wovina yemwe adachitidwa opaleshoni ya chiuno chonse adabwerera pa siteji miyezi isanu ndi umodzi atachitidwa opaleshoni. "Mafupa anga achitsulo ankandipweteka kwambiri moti sitepe iliyonse inkamveka ngati galasi losweka. Tsopano, ndimaiwala kuti alipo ndikavina." Pakadali pano, moyo wa awacorundum-ceramic yoyeraZolumikizira zopangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zapitirira zaka 25, pafupifupi kawiri kuposa zipangizo zachikhalidwe.
II. “Woteteza Wosaoneka” Pa Nsonga ya Scalpel
Ulendo wa zachipatala wa White corundum unayamba ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa zida zachipatala. Mu msonkhano wopanga zida zachipatala, Mtsogoleri wa Zaukadaulo Li analoza mzere wa zida zogwirira ntchito zowala ndipo anafotokoza kuti, “Pambuyo popukuta zida zosapanga dzimbiri ndiufa woyera wa corundum micropowder, kuuma kwa pamwamba kumachepa kufika pa ma microns osakwana 0.01—kosalala kuposa makulidwe a tsitsi la munthu ndi chikwi chimodzi.” Mphepete mwa njira yodulira yosalala kwambiri imeneyi imapangitsa kudula kwa opaleshoni kukhala kosalala ngati mpeni wotentha kudzera mu batala, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu ndi 30% ndikufulumizitsa kwambiri kuchira kwa wodwalayo.
Ntchito ina yosintha kwambiri ndi ya udokotala wa mano. Mwachikhalidwe, pogwiritsa ntchito diamond abrasive burs popera mano, kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukangana kwapamwamba kumatha kuwononga zamkati mwa mano. Komabe, mphamvu yodzinola yokha yacorundum yoyera(kumakhala ndi m'mbali zatsopano nthawi zonse akamagwiritsa ntchito) kumaonetsetsa kuti chigambacho chimakhalabe chakuthwa nthawi zonse. Zambiri zachipatala kuchokera kuchipatala cha mano ku Beijing zikusonyeza kuti panthawi yochizira mizu pogwiritsa ntchito chigamba choyera cha corundum, kutentha kwa pulp ya mano kumakwera ndi 2°C yokha, komwe kuli pansi kwambiri pa malire a chitetezo padziko lonse lapansi a 5.5°C.
III. Zophimba Zopangira: Kupatsa Ziwalo Zopangira "Chida cha Daimondi"
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala a corundum yoyera ndi luso lake lopatsa ziwalo zopanga "moyo wachiwiri." Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wopopera wa plasma, ufa woyera wa corundum umasungunuka pamwamba pa titanium alloy pa kutentha kwakukulu, ndikupanga gawo lolimba loteteza la makulidwe a 10-20 microns. Luso la kapangidwe kameneka lili mu:
Chigawo chakunja cholimba chimalimbana ndi kukangana kwa tsiku ndi tsiku.
Maziko olimba amkati amayamwa kugunda kosayembekezereka.
Kapangidwe ka tinthu tating'onoting'ono timene timakhala ndi machubu timapangitsa kuti maselo ozungulira mafupa azikula.
Ma simulations mu labotale yaku Germany adawonetsa kuti pambuyo pa maulendo 5 miliyoni oyenda, kuvala kwa bondo lopangidwa ndi corundum yoyera kunali 1/8 yokha ya titaniyamu yoyera. Dziko langa lakhala likuphatikiza ukadaulo uwu mu pulogalamu yake ya "Green Channel for Innovative Medical Devices" kuyambira 2024. Mafupa oyera opangidwa m'chiuno okhala ndi corundum yoyera ndi otsika mtengo ndi 40% kuposa zinthu zotumizidwa kunja, zomwe zimapindulitsa odwala mazana ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a mafupa.
IV. White Corundum "High-Tech" mu Chipatala cha Tsogolo
Zachipatala Pakati pa kusintha kwa ukadaulo, corundum yoyera ikutsegula malire atsopano:
Sikelo ya nanokupukuta koyera kwa corundum Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma jini owerengera ma jini, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kulondola kwa kuzindikira kukhalepo kuchokera pa 99% mpaka 99.99%, zomwe zimathandiza kuyezetsa khansa msanga.
Msana wopangidwa ndi 3D wokhala ndi chigoba choyera cholimbikitsidwa ndi corundum umapereka mphamvu yolimba kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa mafupa achilengedwe, zomwe zimapatsa chiyembekezo kwa odwala khansa ya msana.
Zophimba za biosensor zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zotetezera za corundum yoyera kuti zithetse kusamutsidwa kwa zizindikiro za ubongo ndi kompyuta popanda kusokoneza.
Gulu lofufuza la ku Shanghai lapanganso zomangira za mafupa zoyera za corundum zomwe zimawonongeka—zomwe poyamba zimapereka chithandizo cholimba ndikutulutsa pang'onopang'ono ma ayoni a aluminiyamu omwe amalimbikitsa kukula pamene fupa likuchira. "M'tsogolomu, opaleshoni yothyoka mafupa ingachotse kufunika kwa opaleshoni yachiwiri kuti ichotse zomangira," adatero Dr. Wang, mtsogoleri wa polojekitiyi, pamene akupereka deta yoyesera kuchokera ku tibias ya kalulu: patatha milungu isanu ndi itatu, kuchuluka kwa zomangira kunachepa ndi 60%, pomwe kuchuluka kwa fupa lomwe langopangidwa kumene kunali kawiri kuposa gulu lolamulira.