Mwina simungakhulupirire, koma sabata yatha pamene ndinapita kwa kasitomala wakale amene amakonza zitsulo, ndinamva phokoso loti "ndikufuula" kwambiri nditangolowa mu workshop. Nditayang'anitsitsa, antchito angapo anali kugwira ntchito ndi mfuti zophulitsa mchenga, moto ukuuluka pamene zinthuzo zinkagunda zitsulozo. Bwana, Old Li, anandiona ndipo anagwedeza mutu wake, akuloza thumba la alumina wofiirira pansi: "Chinthuchi ndi chopweteka kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito. Chimapanga fumbi lambiri, ndipo kuwonongeka kwake ndi kwachangu. Antchito sakonda kugwira ntchito imeneyi."
Ndinawerama, ndinatenga kachidutswa kakang'ono kaalumina woyera wosakanikiranachitsanzo chomwe tinabweretsa, ndipo tinachiyika m'manja mwake: “Yesani izi?” Patatha masiku atatu, Old Li anandiyimbira foni: “Kodi vuto ndi kuphulika kwa mchenga kwanu koyera kopangidwa ndi alumina? Sikuti kungokhala kogwira ntchito bwino kokha, komanso kuwoneka bwino m'malo ogwirira ntchito kumakhala bwino kwambiri!” Kwenikweni, m'makampani opanga zinthu zoyeretsera pamwamba, kusankha chotsukira mchenga choyenera kuli ngati wophika amene akusankha mpeni woyenera - zimapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za kuphulika kwa mchenga koyera kopangidwa ndi alumina, ubwino wake waukulu, ndi komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zomwe mungayembekezere komanso zomwe simungayembekezere.
I. Tiyeni tikambirane za zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwake: White Fused Alumina
Mwachidule, alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ndi chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa posungunula ndi kubwezeretsanso bauxite yapamwamba mu uvuni wamagetsi pa kutentha kopitilira 2000°C. Gawo lake lalikulu ndi α-alumina, yokhala ndi chiyero choposa 99%. Pali mwambi wakale m'makampani athu: "Alumina yoyera yosakanikirana, mtedza wolimba kusweka," ponena za kuuma kwake kwa Mohs kwa 9.0, kwachiwiri kwa diamondi. Kuyera kwakukulu ndi kuuma kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu choyenera "ntchito zovuta" monga kuphulika kwa mchenga.
Opanga ambiri omwe ndakumana nawo poyamba ankaganiza kuti kuphulika kwa mchenga kunali kofanana, mosasamala kanthu za kuphulika. Koma adazindikira atangogwiritsa ntchito kuti kusankha kuphulika kumatsimikizira mwachindunji zotsatira zake komanso mtengo wake wonse. Zili ngati kudula nyama ndi mpeni wosakhwima poyerekeza ndi mpeni wakuthwa; onse amadula, koma kusiyana kwake ndi kwakukulu.
II. Ubwino Waukulu Wachisanu wa Kuphulika kwa Sandblasting Yoyera Yopangidwa ndi Alumina
Choyamba, ndi yolimba kwambiri komanso yokhalitsa.
Ndi wambakuphulika kwa mchenga kwa alumina wofiirira, muyenera kudzaza zinthuzo pafupipafupi, ndipo fumbi ndi lolimba kwambiri moti simungathe kuwona chilichonse. Alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ndi yofunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha kuuma kwake kwakukulu komanso kulimba kwake kwabwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti isasweke ikagunda. Tinachita mayeso ofanana, ndipo pansi pa kupsinjika komweko ndi mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ndi 30%-40% kunali kocheperapo ndi brown fused alumina. Musanyoze chiwerengerochi; kwa mafakitale akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito matani angapo a zinthu zowawa patsiku, ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa pachaka ndizokwanira kugula galimoto yabwino.
Kachiwiri, imagwira ntchito bwino komanso mwachangu.
Tinthu ta alumina toyera tosakanikirana timakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, makamaka ma polygon okhala ndi ngodya zakuthwa. Tikajambula pa liwiro lalikulu, mawonekedwe awa amagwira ntchito ngati zida zazing'ono zambiri zodulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azidula bwino kwambiri. Poyeretsa malo omwewo a castings, alumina yoyera yosakanikirana imatha kusunga pafupifupi theka la nthawi poyerekeza ndi mchenga wamba wa quartz. Chipangizo cha Old Wang chinasinthira ku alumina yoyera yosakanikirana chaka chatha, ndipo njira yophulitsira mchenga, yomwe kale inkafuna kusintha katatu, tsopano ikhoza kumalizidwa m'masinthidwe awiri, kusunga ndalama zambiri pa ntchito.
Chachitatu, zimapanga zotsatira zabwino kwambiri komanso zabwino nthawi zonse.
Kuphulitsa mchenga sikuyenera kungokhala kwachangu komanso kwapamwamba kwambiri. Pamwamba pake payenera kukhalaalumina woyera wosakanikirana Ili ndi kuuma kofanana ndipo sikuwonetsa kusagwirizana. Makamaka pa zinthu zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimafunidwa kwambiri monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi aluminiyamu, kuphulika kwa mchenga woyera wa alumina kumapangitsa kuti pamwamba pake pakhale siliva woyera, wopanda zinyalala zobisika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maziko abwino ojambulira ndi kuyika ma electroplating. Mmodzi mwa makasitomala athu, wopanga zida zapamwamba zakukhitchini, adawona kusintha kwakukulu pamtundu wa chinthucho atasintha kugwiritsa ntchito kuphulika kwa mchenga woyera wa alumina, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti maoda otumiza kunja akwere ndi 30%.
Chachinayi, ndi njira "yosamalira chilengedwe".
Aliyense akudziwa momwe malamulo okhwima okhudza chilengedwe alili masiku ano.Alumina yoyera yosakanikiranaKuphulika kwa mchenga kumapanga fumbi lochepa kwambiri kuposa zinthu zina zambiri zopukutira. Choyamba, kuyera kwake kwakukulu ndi khalidwe lake zimapangitsa kuti fumbi lisapume bwino; chachiwiri, kulimba kwake kumalola kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, mwachibadwa kuchepetsa mpweya wonse wa fumbi. Kuphatikiza apo, alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ilibe silica yaulere, yoletsa silica, ndikupatsa antchito mtendere wamumtima. Kuyambira pomwe malo ogwirira ntchito a Old Li adasinthira ku alumina yoyera yosakanikirana, kuchuluka kwa matumba osinthira fumbi kwatsika kuchoka kamodzi pamwezi kufika kamodzi pa miyezi itatu iliyonse, zomwe zikuyimira kuchepetsa kwenikweni ndalama.
Chachisanu, "chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri."
Kuyambira pa zipangizo zachipatala zolondola kwambiri mpaka pa mbale zazikulu zachitsulo, kuphulika kwa mchenga wa alumina woyera wosakanikirana kumatha kugwira ntchito yonse. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zina zapadera zochotsera mpweya, sikuti ndi "kofewa kwambiri." Mwa kusintha kukula kwa grit (kuchokera pa maukonde 16 mpaka maukonde 240 kapena ngakhale ocheperako) komanso kupsinjika kwa kuphulika, imatha kugwira ntchito yoyeretsa kwambiri komanso yomaliza bwino. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti ikhale "yogwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana" m'mafakitale ambiri.
III. Kodi kuphulika kwa alumina woyera wosakanikirana kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti?
Popeza takambirana za ubwino wake wambiri, tiyeni tiwone komwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji:
1. Makampani opanga ndege: Oimira "ukadaulo wapamwamba komanso wolondola"
Mabala a injini ya ndege, zida zotera, ndi zida zosiyanasiyana za avionics zimafunikira kwambiri kukonza pamwamba. Kuphulika kwa alumina yoyera yolumikizidwa bwino kumachita ntchito ziwiri apa: choyamba, kuchotsa zigawo za oxide ndi zolakwika zazing'ono pamwamba pa gawo; chachiwiri, kupanga gawo lofanana la kupsinjika kuti liwongolere moyo wa kutopa kwa ziwalozo. Ndinapita ku kampani yomwe imakonza ndege, ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito alumina yoyera yolumikizidwa yokha kuti ikhale yokhazikika bwino.
2. Kupanga ndi kukonza magalimoto: Mphamvu yayikulu pamsika waukulu komanso wosiyanasiyana
Kuyambira kuyeretsa ndi kulimbitsa ma engine blocks, ma crankshafts, ndi magiya m'magalimoto atsopano, mpaka kuchotsa dzimbiri ndi utoto panthawi yokonzanso magalimoto akale, alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ndiyo chisankho chomwe chimakondedwa. Makamaka pa ma treyi a batri a aluminiyamu ndi ma motor holo a magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, omwe ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakuyera pamwamba ndi kuuma, ubwino wa kuphulika kwa alumina yoyera yosakanikirana ndi wowonekera kwambiri.
3. Makampani opanga nkhungu: "Kukongoletsa" ndi "kukulitsa moyo" wa nkhungu
Zinyalala zobayira jekeseni, zinyalala zotayira madzi, ndi zinyalala zagalasi zimasonkhanitsa mikwingwirima yopyapyala, mpweya woipa, kapena zotsalira pakapita nthawi. Kuphulika kwa alumina woyera wopangidwa ndi grit yopyapyala kumatha kukonza mozizwitsa zolakwika zazing'onozi, kuchotsa zotsalira, ndikupanga mawonekedwe ofanana omwe amathandizira kuphulika popanda kusintha kulondola kwa miyeso. Akatswiri ambiri opanga nkhungu amanena kuti kukonza nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito kuphulika kwa alumina woyera wopangidwa ndi white fused kungawonjezere moyo wa nkhungu ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu.
4. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi uinjiniya wokongoletsa: Zonse ndi za "kukongola"
Kaya ndi makabati apamwamba osapanga dzimbiri, ma elevator panels, kapena makoma ndi ziboliboli zomangira, matte finish akuchulukirachulukira. Kupukuta koyera kosakanikirana kwa alumina kungapereke mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera, kuyambira mawonekedwe abwino mpaka matte finish ofanana, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zokhalitsa, mosiyana ndi kupukutira kwa mankhwala komwe kungapangitse zotsatira zosafanana.
5. Kupanga Zombo ndi Makampani Olemera: Kuthana ndi "Anthu Akuluakulu"
Ma doko a sitima, milatho ikuluikulu yachitsulo, ndi matanki osungiramo zinthu - nyumba zazikuluzikuluzi zimafuna kuchotsa dzimbiri bwino komanso kumamatira bwino kwambiri.Alumina yoyera yosakanikirana, chifukwa cha luso lake loyeretsa bwino komanso mtengo wake wochepa, ili ndi malo olimba pantchitoyi. Makamaka pakukonza zombo, komwe madera akuluakulu a chombocho amafunika kutsukidwa mkati mwa nthawi yochepa, ubwino wa alumina woyera wosakanikirana ndi wosasinthika.
6. Ntchito Zina Zosayembekezereka
Mwachitsanzo, kuyeretsa ndi kubwezeretsa pamwamba pa miyala ya zipilala zakale, alumina yoyera yosakanikirana imatha kuchotsa dothi popanda kuwononga chinthucho; mumakampani opanga ma semiconductor, imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa nthawi zonse maboti ena a wafer; ndipo ngakhale pantchito zapamwamba kwambiri zamatabwa, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe apadera pa malo ouma.
IV. Zinthu Zofunika Kuzikumbukira Mukamazigwiritsa Ntchito
Zachidziwikire, alumina yoyera yosakanikirana si "yothandiza pa chilichonse," ndipo mtengo wake wapamwamba umapezeka pokhapokha ngati wagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. Nazi malingaliro angapo: Pazinthu zofewa makamaka (monga zitsulo zina zopanda chitsulo ndi mapulasitiki), sankhani mosamala kukula kwa tinthu ndi kupanikizika kuti mupewe kudula kwambiri. Zipangizo zophulitsira ziyenera kufananizidwa, ndipo njira yabwino yobwezeretsanso zinthu ndiyofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino ubwino wake wobwezerezedwanso ndikuchepetsa ndalama. Ngakhale kuti ndi yotetezeka ku chilengedwe, zida zodzitetezera ndizofunikirabe; magalasi oteteza, zophimba fumbi, ndi zovala zantchito zaukadaulo zonse ndizofunikira kwambiri.