Chuma cha chikhalidwe cha China - Dragon Boat Festival
TheDragon Boat Festival, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Chikondwerero cha Duan Yang, Chikondwerero cha Boti la Dragon, ndi Chikondwerero cha Chong Wu, ndi chimodzi mwa zikondwerero zachikhalidwe zamtundu wa China. Nthawi zambiri amakondwerera tsiku lachisanu la mwezi wachisanu wachisanu chaka chilichonse. Mu 2009, bungwe la UNESCO linatchula Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat monga cholowa cha chikhalidwe cha anthu, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti chikondwererochi si cha China chokha, komanso chuma chamtengo wapatali cha chikhalidwe cha anthu onse. Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat chili ndi mbiri yakale ndipo chimaphatikiza zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana monga nsembe, chikumbutso, madalitso, ndi kuteteza thanzi, kuwonetsa mzimu wolemera komanso wozama wamtundu wa China.
1. Chiyambi cha chikondwererochi: kukumbukira Qu Yuan ndi kusonyeza chisoni
Mawu ofala kwambiri onena za chiyambi cha Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat ndi kukumbukiraNdi Yuan
, wolemba ndakatulo wamkulu wokonda dziko lawo wa Chu State panthawi ya Nkhondo Yankhondo. Qu Yuan anali wokhulupirika kwa mfumu komanso wokonda dziko lake m'moyo wake wonse, koma adathamangitsidwa chifukwa cha miseche. Pamene Boma la Chu linawonongedwa, anasweka mtima kuti dziko lake linasweka ndipo anthu analekanitsidwa, ndipo anadzipha mwa kudumphira mumtsinje wa Miluo pa tsiku lachisanu la mwezi wachisanu. Anthu akumeneko anali ndi chisoni kwambiri atamva nkhaniyi, ndipo anapalasa mabwato kuti apulumutse thupi lake ndipo anaponya phala la mpunga mumtsinje kuti nsomba ndi nsomba zisamadye thupi lake. Nthanoyi yakhala ikuperekedwa kwa zaka masauzande ambiri ndipo yakhala chizindikiro cha chikhalidwe cha Dragon Boat Festival - mzimu wa kukhulupirika ndi kukonda dziko lako.
Kuphatikiza apo, Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat chingaphatikizepo mwambo wakale wachilimwe wa "kutulutsa poizoni ndikupewa mizimu yoyipa". Mwezi wachisanu wa kalendala ya mwezi umatchedwa "mwezi woipa". Anthu akale ankakhulupirira kuti mliri ndi tizilombo toopsa zinali zofala panthawiyi, choncho amachotsa mizimu yoipa ndikupewa masoka mwa kuika mugwort, kupachika calamus, kumwa vinyo wa realgar, ndi kuvala matumba, kutanthauza mtendere ndi thanzi.
2. Chikondwerero miyambo: anaikira chikhalidwe moyo nzeru
Miyambo yachikhalidwe ya Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat ndi yolemera komanso yokongola, yodutsa ku mibadwomibadwo, ndipo ikadali yozama m'mitima ya anthu.
Dragon Boat Racing
Dragon Boat racing ndi imodzi mwazinthu zoyimilira kwambiri pachikondwerero cha Dragon Boat, makamaka m'matauni amadzi a Jiangnan, Guangdong, Taiwan ndi malo ena. Anthu opalasa mabwato a chinjoka ooneka bwino m'mitsinje, m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja, sikuti ndi chikumbutso cha kudzipha kwa Qu Yuan kokha, komanso ndi chizindikiro cha chikhalidwe cha mgwirizano wapagulu komanso mzimu wolimba mtima wankhondo. Mpikisano wamasiku ano wa mabwato a chinjoka wakula kukhala masewera apadziko lonse lapansi, kufalitsa mphamvu yauzimu ya umodzi wa dziko la China, mgwirizano ndi kuyesetsa kupita patsogolo.
Kudya Zongzi
Zongzi ndi chakudya chachikhalidwe cha Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat. Amapangidwa ndi mpunga wonyezimira wokutidwa ndi masiku ofiira, phala la nyemba, nyama yatsopano, yolk ya dzira ndi zodzaza zina, wokutidwa ndi masamba a zong kenako nthunzi. Zongzi m'madera osiyanasiyana ali ndi zokometsera zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ambiri a iwo ndi okoma kumpoto, pamene ali amchere kum'mwera. Kudya Zongzi sikumangokhutiritsa zokometsera, komanso kumanyamula kukumbukira kwa Qu Yuan ndi kuyamikira kwawo moyo wokumananso.
Kupachika mugwort ndi kuvala matumba
Pa Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat, anthu nthawi zambiri amaika mugwort ndi calamus pakhomo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuthamangitsa mizimu yoipa ndikupewa masoka, kuyeretsa ndi kuthetsa mliri. Kuvala ma sachets nakonso kumatchuka kwambiri. Ma sachets amakhala ndi zonunkhira zosiyanasiyana kapena mankhwala azitsamba aku China, omwe sangangothamangitsa tizilombo komanso kupewa matenda, komanso amakhala ndi matanthauzo abwino. Miyambo imeneyi imasonyeza nzeru za anthu akale kutsatira chilengedwe ndi kulimbikitsa thanzi.
Kupachika ulusi wa silika wokongola komanso kumanga zingwe zisanu zapoizoni
Mawondo, akakolo, ndi makosi a ana amamangidwa ndi ulusi wa silika wamitundumitundu, wotchedwa “zingwe zamitundu isanu” kapena “zingwe za moyo wautali”, zomwe zimaimira kuthamangitsa mizimu yoipa ndi kupempherera madalitso, mtendere ndi thanzi.
3. Mtengo Wachikhalidwe: Zomverera za Banja ndi Dziko ndi Chisamaliro cha Moyo
Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat sikuti ndi chikondwerero chokha, komanso cholowa chauzimu cha chikhalidwe. Sikuti amangokumbukira kukhulupirika ndi umphumphu wa Qu Yuan, komanso amasonyeza zokhumba zabwino za anthu za thanzi ndi mtendere. Mu kuphatikiza kwa "chikondwerero" ndi "mwambo", banja la dziko la China ndi malingaliro a dziko, makhalidwe ndi nzeru zachilengedwe zikhoza kuperekedwa ku mibadwomibadwo.
M'madera amasiku ano, Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat ndi mgwirizano wa chikhalidwe komanso mgwirizano wamaganizo. Kaya m'mizinda kapena m'midzi, kaya m'madera akumidzi kapena kunja kwa China, Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat ndi nthawi yofunikira yolumikiza mitima ya anthu aku China. Popanga ma dumplings a mpunga ndi manja, kutenga nawo mbali pamipikisano yamabwato a chinjoka kapena kuwuza nkhani za Qu Yuan, anthu samangopitiliza mwambowo, komanso amakumbukiranso zachikhalidwe komanso mphamvu zauzimu zozikidwa m'magazi amtundu waku China.
4.Mapeto
Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat, chikondwerero chachikhalidwe chomwe chatenga zaka masauzande ambiri, ndi ngale yowala kwambiri m'mbiri yakale ya dziko la China. Sichikondwerero chabe, komanso cholowa chauzimu komanso mphamvu ya chikhalidwe. M'nyengo yatsopano, Chikondwerero cha Dragon Boat chatsitsimulanso mphamvu, chimatikumbutsanso kuti tizikonda kwambiri chikhalidwe, kulemekeza mbiri yakale, komanso mzimu wolowa m'malo. Tiyeni, pakati pa kununkhira kwa phala la mpunga ndi kulira kwa ng'oma, titetezere pamodzi chidaliro cha chikhalidwe ndi nyumba yauzimu ya dziko la China.