Mwezi watha, ndinapita kwa mainjiniya wamkulu ku fakitale yopangira zinthu zosasunthika ku Hebei. Akuloza chitsanzo chomwe changotengedwa mu uvuni, anandiuza kuti, “Taonani chitsanzo ichi. Kuwonjezera 'green silicon carbide micropowder' kumabweretsa kusiyana kwakukulu; makhiristo ndi okhuthala, ndipo mtundu wake ndi wolondola kwambiri.” “green silicon carbide micropowder” yomwe adatchula ndiyo nkhani yathu lero—ufa wobiriwira wa silicon carbide micropowderNgakhale kuti ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino mumakampani opanga zinthu zopopera, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kwatsopano m'munda wa zinthu zopopera m'zaka zaposachedwa kwakhala kodabwitsa kwambiri.
Mwina simungakhulupirire, koma poyamba silicon carbide micropowder yobiriwira inali "chothandizira" mu zinthu zotsutsa. M'zaka zapitazo, opanga ena ankawonjezera pang'ono kuti awonjezere kukana kwa zinthu zina zotsutsa. Komabe, m'zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazi, zinthu zasintha kwambiri. Pamene mafakitale monga zitsulo, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, ndi zoumbaumba zimafuna kwambiri ma uvuni—omwe amafunikira kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana dzimbiri, komanso moyo wautali—kupanga zinthu zotsutsa kwakhala kosakwanira. Pakadali pano, mainjiniya a zipangizo anabwerera ku "bwenzi lakale" ili, koma adapeza kuti, likagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, linali "chuma" chenicheni.
Kuti timvetse chifukwa chake ndi yotchuka kwambiri, tiyenera kuyang'ana mphamvu zake zazikulu. Choyamba, ndi yolimba ku kutentha.Carbide wobiriwira wa siliconImakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi okosijeni kwambiri kutentha kwambiri kuposa zipangizo zambiri zachikhalidwe, imakhalabe yokhazikika ngakhale pa 1600℃ kapena kupitirira apo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma uvuni otentha kwambiri akhale amoyo nthawi yayitali. Chachiwiri, imakhala yolimba kwambiri komanso yolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera madera omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kukokoloka kwa zinthu, monga ma tapholes a fireplace ndi ma lining a mabedi ozungulira. Chachitatu, komanso chofunika kwambiri, ili ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsera kutentha. Khalidweli, lomwe nthawi zina limaonedwa ngati vuto (popeza lingapangitse kuti kutentha kutayike), likugwiritsidwa ntchito tsopano—lakhala phindu m'nyumba zomwe zimafuna kutentha mwachangu komanso mofanana kapena kukana kutentha.
Kodi makhalidwe amenewa amamasuliridwa bwanji kuti akhale othandiza? Ndiloleni ndikuuzeni zitsanzo zingapo zomwe ndaziona ndi maso anga.
Pa fakitale yayikulu yachitsulo ku Shandong, nthawi yogwira ntchito ya zingwe za torpedo (zingwe zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula chitsulo chosungunuka) inali yochepa nthawi zonse. Pambuyo pake, gulu laukadaulo linawonjezera ufa wobiriwira wa silicon carbide wa kukula kwa tinthu tina ku chinthu chosungunuka, ndipo chozizwitsa chinachitika. Mzere watsopanowo sunangowonetsa kukana kwakukulu ku kuwonongeka kwa chitsulo chosungunuka ndi kuukira kwa slag, komanso, chifukwa ufa wochepawo unadzaza ma pores mu matrix, unapangitsa kuti kapangidwe kake kakhale kolimba kwambiri. Mainjiniya wina yemwe anali pamalopo anandiuza kuti, "Kale, mzere wa zingwe unkafunika kukonzedwa kwakukulu pambuyo pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi mazana awiri; tsopano umaposa kugwiritsa ntchito mazana atatu ndi makumi asanu mosavuta. Izi zokha zimapulumutsa ndalama zambiri pa ndalama zokonzera pachaka komanso nthawi yopuma."
Ntchito yanzeru kwambiri ndi yogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zoyeretsera kutentha. M'mauvuni ena apamwamba, zigawo zosiyanasiyana zimakumana ndi malo osiyanasiyana. Madera ena amafuna kukana moto kwambiri, ena kukana kutentha, ndipo ena kukana kuzizira. Njira yanzeru sikugwiritsanso ntchito chinthu chimodzi pa chilichonse, koma kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Ufa wobiriwira wa silicon carbide umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pano—zambiri zitha kuwonjezeredwa ku gawo logwirira ntchito lomwe limakhudza mwachindunji chitsulo chosungunuka kutentha kwambiri, pogwiritsa ntchito kukana kwake kukokoloka kwakukulu; mu gawo lapakati la buffer, gawolo likhoza kusinthidwa kuti liwongolere kukulitsa kutentha; ndipo mu gawo lobwerera, ufa wochepa kapena wopanda ungagwiritsidwe ntchito. Njira yoyikamo iyi imawongolera magwiridwe antchito onse komanso ndalama. Kampani ku Zhejiang yomwe imapanga mipando yapadera ya ceramic kiln yawonjezera moyo wa mipando yake ya kiln ndi 40% pogwiritsa ntchito njira iyi.
Mungafunse kuti, bwanji osangowonjezera tinthu tating'onoting'ono? Bwanji osalimbikira kugwiritsa ntchito "micropowder"? Chinsinsi chake chili mu kuthekera kwake osati kungogwira ntchito ngati gawo lolimbitsa komanso kutenga nawo mbali pakuchitapo kanthu kwa zinthuzo. Pa kutentha kwakukulu, tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri timeneti timagwira ntchito kwambiri pamwamba, kulimbikitsa kung'ambika ndikuthandizira kupanga mgwirizano wolimba wa ceramic. Nthawi yomweyo, imagwira ntchito ngati "mchenga" wabwino kwambiri, kudzaza mipata pakati pa tinthu tina tomwe timagwirizana, kuchepetsa kwambiri ma porosity. Ndi zinthu zokhuthala, slag yoopsa ndi nthunzi za alkaline sizingalowe ndikuwononga. Ndawona deta yoyesera ikuwonetsa kuti pa zinthu zotayidwa zosasunthika zomwe zili ndi njira yomweyo, kuwonjezera kuchuluka koyenera kwa silicon carbide micropowder wobiriwira kumatha kuwonjezera mphamvu yosinthasintha kutentha ndi 20%-30%, ndipo kusintha kwa kung'ambika ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Zachidziwikire, zinthu zabwino sizinthu zomwe mumangoyikamo mwachisawawa. Mlingo, kapangidwe ka tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi momwe mungagwirizanitsire ndi zinthu zina zopangira (monga bauxite, corundum, ndi alumina micropowder) zonse ndi nkhani zovuta. Zochepa sizingakhale ndi zotsatira zooneka, pomwe zambiri zimatha kukhudza kugwira ntchito kapena kukhala zodula kwambiri, nthawi zina zimayambitsa mavuto ena (monga kukhudzidwa ndi mpweya wina wochepa). Izi zimafuna akatswiri kuti achite zoyeserera mobwerezabwereza kuti apeze "kulinganiza bwino." Mainjiniya wina wakale adandiuzapo fanizo loyenera kwambiri: "Kusintha njira yopangira mankhwala kuli ngati dokotala wachikhalidwe waku China wopereka mankhwala; mlingo wa chinthu chilichonse uyenera kuganiziridwa mosamala."
Pakadali pano, mwina mwazindikira kuti ntchito ya ufa wobiriwira wa silicon carbide mu zinthu zosinthika ikuchoka pa "chowonjezera" chosavuta kupita ku "chosinthira kiyi" chomwe chingasinthe kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe ake. Sikuti zimangobweretsa kusintha kwa zizindikiro zina komanso zimakulitsa mwayi wopanga zinthu. Tsopano, ngakhale mabungwe ena ofufuza akufufuza momwe angagwirizanitsire ndi nanotechnology ndi ukadaulo wa in-situ reaction kuti apange mbadwo wotsatira wa zinthu zosinthika zanzeru komanso zokhalitsa.
Kuyambira katswiri wamakampani opanga zinthu zoduladula mpaka nyenyezi yomwe ikukwera m'munda wa zinthu zoduladula, nkhani ya ufa wobiriwira wa silicon carbide imatiuza kuti kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo nthawi zambiri kumakhala mu kuphatikizana kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kupeza zatsopano muzinthu zakale. Zili ngati zokometsera zofunika kwambiri pakuphika; zikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera komanso kutentha koyenera, zimatha kukweza mbale yonse kufika pamlingo wapamwamba. Nthawi ina mukawona uvuni wamakono ukugwira ntchito mosalekeza m'malawi, mungaganize kuti mkati mwa denga lawo lolimba, makhiristo ambiri obiriwira amasewera gawo lofunikira kwambiri. Mwina ichi ndi chithumwa cha sayansi ya zinthu - nthawi zonse imatha kuphukitsa maluwa atsopano kwambiri m'malo achikhalidwe kwambiri.