Kugwiritsa ntchito α-alumina mwatsopanoaluminiyamu ceramics
Ngakhale pali mitundu yambiri ya zida zatsopano zadothi, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu malinga ndi ntchito ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito: zoumba zogwira ntchito (zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti zoumba zamagetsi), zoumba (zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti engineering ceramics) ndi bioceramics. Malinga ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zitha kugawidwa muzoumba za oxide, nitride ceramics, boride ceramics, carbide ceramics ndi metal ceramics. Pakati pawo, zoumba za alumina ndizofunikira kwambiri, ndipo zopangira zake ndi α-aluminium ufa wamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
α-alumina imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zatsopano za ceramic chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu, kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana kuvala ndi zinthu zina zabwino kwambiri. Sikuti ndi ufa zopangira zapamwamba zotayidwa zadothi monga Integrated dera magawo, miyala yokumba, kudula zida, mafupa yokumba, etc., komanso angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati phosphor chonyamulira, zipangizo zapamwamba refractory, zipangizo akupera wapadera, etc. Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi yamakono ndi luso, ntchito munda wa α-alumina, ndi kufunikira kwake kukukula kwambiri, msika ukukula kwambiri.
Kugwiritsa ntchito α-alumina muzoumba zogwira ntchito
Ma ceramics ogwira ntchitotchulani zida zadothi zapamwamba zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito magetsi, maginito, mamvekedwe, kuwala, kutentha ndi zina kapena zotsatira zake zolumikizana kuti akwaniritse ntchito inayake. Ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi monga kutchinjiriza, dielectric, piezoelectric, thermoelectric, semiconductor, ion conductivity ndi superconductivity, motero ali ndi ntchito zambiri komanso ntchito zambiri. Pakalipano, zazikulu zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo waukulu ndi zoumba zotetezera zamagulu ophatikizika ozungulira ndi kulongedza, zoumba zamagalimoto zopangira spark plug, ziwiya zadothi za capacitor zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa TV ndi zojambulira mavidiyo, zoumba za piezoelectric zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo ndi zoumba zowonongeka kwa masensa osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati machubu otulutsa nyali apamwamba kwambiri a sodium.
1. Spark plug insulating ceramics
Spark plug insulating ceramics pakadali pano ndiye njira yokhayo yayikulu kwambiri yama ceramic mu injini. Chifukwa aluminiyamu imakhala ndi zotchingira bwino kwambiri zamagetsi, mphamvu zamakina apamwamba, kukana kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kukana kugwedezeka kwamafuta, ma plugs a alumina insulating spark plugs amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lapansi. Zofunikira za α-alumina za ma spark plugs ndi ma micropowder otsika a sodium α-alumina, momwe sodium oxide zili ≤0.05% ndipo pafupifupi tinthu tating'ono ndi 325 mesh.
2. Integrated dera magawo ndi ma CD zipangizo
Ma Ceramics omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zapansi panthaka ndi zomangira zake ndi apamwamba kuposa mapulasitiki muzinthu izi: kukana kwamphamvu kwambiri, kukana kwa dzimbiri kwamankhwala, kusindikiza kwakukulu, kupewa kulowa kwa chinyezi, kusachitanso zinthu zina, komanso kusaipitsa kwa silicon yaultra-pure semiconductor. The katundu α-alumina zofunika Integrated dera gawo ndi ma CD zipangizo ndi: matenthedwe kukula koyenelela 7.0 × 10-6/℃, matenthedwe madutsidwe 20-30W/K · m (chipinda kutentha), dielectric zonse 9-12 (IMHz), dielectric imfa 3 ~ 10-4 (> 10 MHz 10 MHz), voliyumu kutentha resistivity · 1 MHz 2 (10 MHz 1 MHz) .
Ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa mabwalo ophatikizika, zofunikira zolimba zimayikidwa patsogolo pamagawo ndi zida zonyamula:
Pamene kutentha kwa chip kumawonjezeka, kutentha kwapamwamba kumafunika.
Ndi liwiro lalikulu la computing element, kutsika kwa dielectric kumafunika.
Coefficient yowonjezera kutentha ikufunika kuti ikhale pafupi ndi silicon. Izi zimayika zofunikira zapamwamba pa α-alumina, ndiko kuti, imakula molunjika kuchiyero chapamwamba komanso kukongola.
3. Nyali yowunikira kwambiri ya sodium
Ma ceramics abwinozopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu yapamwamba kwambiri yoyera ngati zopangira zili ndi mawonekedwe a kutentha kwambiri, kukana kwa dzimbiri, kutchinjiriza kwabwino, mphamvu yayikulu, ndi zina zambiri, ndipo ndi zida zabwino kwambiri za ceramic. Transparent polycrystalline yopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu yoyera kwambiri yokhala ndi magnesium oxide pang'ono, iridium oxide kapena iridium oxide zowonjezera, yopangidwa ndi mpweya wotentha komanso kutentha kotentha, imatha kupirira dzimbiri la nthunzi ya sodium yotentha kwambiri ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyali zowunikira kwambiri za sodium zowunikira komanso kuyatsa kwakukulu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito α-alumina muzoumba zama ceramic
Monga zida zapachilengedwe, zida za bioceramic sizikhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa poyerekeza ndi zitsulo ndi zinthu za polima, ndipo zimakhala ndi biocompatibility yabwino komanso kukana dzimbiri ndi minofu yachilengedwe. Anthu akhala akuwayamikira kwambiri. Kafufuzidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kachipatala ka zida za bioceramic zayamba kuchokera kukusintha kwakanthawi kochepa ndikudzaza mpaka kuyika kokhazikika komanso kolimba, komanso kuchokera kuzinthu zopanga zamoyo kupita kuzinthu zogwira ntchito mwachilengedwe komanso zida zophatikizika zambiri.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, porousaluminiyamu ceramicsZakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafupa opangira mafupa, mawondo opangira mawondo, mitu yachikazi yochita kupanga, mafupa ena ochita kupanga, mizu ya mano opangira, zomangira za mafupa, ndi kukonza cornea chifukwa cha kukana kwa dzimbiri, kukana kuvala, kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwapamwamba, ndi mphamvu za thermoelectric. The njira kulamulira pore kukula pa yokonza porous aluminiyamu ziwiya zadothi ndi kusakaniza aluminiyamu particles zosiyanasiyana tinthu kukula kwake, thovu impregnate, ndi utsi ziume particles. Ma mbale a aluminiyamu amathanso kudzozedwa kuti apange pores amtundu wa nano-scale microporous channel-type pores.